Harrow.



Patented Sept. I2, |899.

`H. M. BURDICK. HARBUW.

(Application led Sept. 15, 1893.)

3 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

wi=======r WlTN ESSESI ATTUR N EYS,

Patented Sept. I2, |899. H. M. BURDICK.

H A R R 0W.

(Application Sled Sept. 1 5, 1893.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 (No Model.)

WiTNESSES:

INVENTOR fwm ATTO R N EYS m Norms versus co. PHomumo., wAsmNcJon, o. c.

Patented Sept. I2, |899. H. M. BURDICK.

H A R R 0 W (Application led Sept. 15, 1893.

3 Sheets-Sham 3,

(H0 Model.)

INVENTOR BY 2y/wm .fa/m..

ATToRNEYa,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

lfl'lRAM M. BURDIOK, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE SYRACUSE CHILL-ED PLOV COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HARRO'W.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 632,777, dated September 12, 1899.

Application filed September 15, 1893. Serial No. 485,563. (No model.)

To all 1072/0771. t may concern.-

Bc it known that I, HIRAM M. BURDICK, of Syracuse, in the county ot' Onondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Harrows, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a full, clear, and eXact description.

My invention relates to improvements in harrows having adjustable barrow-teeth, and has for its object the production of a simple, practical, and effective device in which the teeth are adjusted a maximum amount with a minimum degree of labor either for varying the position of the teeth or dislodging rubbish; and to this end it consists, essentially, in a draft-frame, teeth carried by the frame, and adjusting means detachably connected to the teeth whereby the teeth are adjusted by said-means or are permitted to automatically revolve independently thereof.

The invention furthermore consists in the construction and arrangement of the parts, all as hereinafter more particularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

In describing this invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in whichlike letters indicate corresponding parts in all the views.

Figure l is a top plan view, partly in section, and Fig. 2 a side elevation of my improved invention,illustrating the general construction and arrangement of its component parts. Fig. 3 is a vert-ical sectional view taken on line 8 3, Fig. 2. Fig. et is a vertical sectional view taken on line44, Fig. 3. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively vertical section and isometric perspective of one of the adjustingarms secured to the adjusting-frame for supporting the locking members for engaging the tooth-supports, the corresponding locking member being illustrated by dotted lines atA Fig. 5 as in its position assumed when entering the guideway in said arm. Figs. 7, Y8, and` l) are respectively isometric perspectives of one of the detached locking members, a tooth-support, and a tooth-clip; and Figs. l0, ll, and 12 are isometric perspectives of the rack secured to the draft-frame for holding in its adjusted position the actuatinglever for the adjusting-frame, the connecting-plate secured to the adj listing-frame and provided with aguide for said lever, and the clip-plate for securing said lever to the connecting-plate.

It is well known that harrows as at present constructed are usually provided with adjustable barrow-teeth generally so connected together that two or more are adjusted simultaneously. It is equally well known that it is usually desirable to adjust the teeth during the operation of the harrow for regulating the action of the harrow or discharging rubbish and that, although it is comparatively easy during the operation of the harrow to so adjust the teeth as to decrease their amount of penetration, it is practically impossible to force the same more deeply into the soil. Myinvention is designed to render the adjustment ofthe teeth to a greater penetration as easy as their withdrawal from the soil and to permit a maximum adjustment of the teeth and discharge of the rubbish with a minimum amount of labor.

The draft-frame A of my invention consists, preferably, of corresponding sections loosely connected or hinged together in the ordinary manner. Each section is formed with openings therein, which are substantially diamond-shaped, and are formed with substantially wedge-shaped rear portion s,and each section is preferably composed of zigzag bars a a, having their contiguous portions a a suitably secured together.

The teeth B are curved or substantially C- shaped and are preferably distributed over the frame in step series across the line of draft and are so arranged that the front bow portions b of teeth in one series are adjacent to the rear soil-working portions b' of teeth in another series for facilitating the discharge of rubbish. The teeth are mounted on supports, presently described, preferably pivoted to the contiguous portions of the frame-bars, andare so constructed and arranged that their front portions are normally at one side of the pivots for said supports or the separate centers around which the teeth B are individually revoluble andtheir rear soil-working portions b at the opposite side of said pivots. Said front portions b are nearer to said pivots than the soil-working portions b', whereby as Vroo the tooth-supports swing on their pivots the front portions of the teeth move at greater speed than the rear soil-Working portions of the teeth. These teeth maybe independently adjustable upon their centers, but are preferably simultaneously adjustable, and their aforesaid arrangement permits said teeth'to be adjusted for the purpose of varying their penetration or action or for forming, essentially, rubbish-discharging devices movable through the openings in the frame.

Directly above the draft-frame A is an adjusting-frame C, composed of diagonally-extending bars c c, which are connected to the teeth, as presently described, for bracing said teeth and for adjusting the same either to vary the penetration or action of the teeth or to discharge rubbish from the frame.

rIhe tooth-supportsD, as best seen at Figs. 2, 3, et, and S, are formed with central journalbearings d and with extremities projecting above and below the journal-bearings, the upper extremities being each provided with a locking shoulder or shoulders cl' and the lower extremities with tooth-bearing faces d2 and with apertures d3 directly above said faces. The journal-bearing cl of each tooth-support is mounted upon a hub e, projecting from the lower end of a corresponding adjusting-arm E, having its upper end hinged at e' to the frame C and its lowerend journaled upon a sleeve F, supported upon one extremity of a bolt or clamp f, passed through the draftframe bar or bars a for supporting said toothsupport. The clamps or bolts f serve both to secure together'the contiguous portions of the draft-frame bars ct CL and as pivots for the tooth-supports and the corresponding adjusting-arms for said supports. The front bow portions Z) of the teeth B extend downwardly beneath the draft-frame bars and are arranged passed through the lower portions of the supports D and the tooth-bearing faces cl2 thereof and bear against the portions of the securing ends of the teeth B interposed between the bearing-faces g gof the clips G, and consequently force said clips downwardlyand draw their shoulders g g firmly against the adjacent faces of the supports D and firmly secure the teeth B in operative position. Upon loosening the clamps D the teeth B are independently adjustable upon their supports in order that the extremitiesof their soil-working portions may be readily adjusted to the same plane.

The tooth-supports D are secured to the adjusting-frame O by locking members H, movable in guideways e2 in the adjustingarms E and provided at corresponding ends with locking shoulders h, for engaging the shoulders d of the supports D, and at their other ends with springs h', mounted within the guideways e2, for forcing the locking members into operative position with their shoulders h in engagement with said shoulders d. The lower ends of the locking members H bear normally against the upper faces or edges of the corresponding frame-bars and are provided with forwardly-projecting shoulders h2, the lower faces of which are normally separated from said face or edges of the frame-bars. As the upper ends of the adjusting-arms E are forced forwardly by the movement of the adjusting-frame O, effected as presently described, the forward ends of the shoulders 71.2 bear against the adjacent faces or edges of the corresponding framebars and automatically disengage the locking shoulders 72 of the locking lnembers Hv preferably partially revolved simultaneously by the adjusting-frame C, previously mentioned. As preferably constructed, all of the teeth upon each section are connected by IOO the ad justing-frame above the draft-frame of said section, and consequently each adjusting-frame is provided with a depending adjusting-arm for each tooth carried by the correspondingseetion. Eachadjusting-frame C is operated by an actuating-lever C', arranged, preferably, at the rear of said frame and having its upper end provided with a suitable hand-engaging portion and its lower end pivoted upon a suitable support, as a sleeve C2, mounted upon one end of a clamp or bolt, for supporting one of the tooth-supports. The levers C' are engaged by substantially parallel shoulders C2, formed upon connecting-plates C3, Figs. 2, 3, and l1, hinged at C4 to the adjusting-frames C C, for flexibly or loosely connecting said levers to said frames. A suitable clip-plate C5, Figs. 2, 3, and 12, is secured to the outer face of each of the levers C by the pivotal pin C for the corresponding connecting-plate O1", and is provided with shoulders C, bearing against one edge of the plate C3. Arrangedin p roximity to each of the levers C' is a rack C?, rigidly secured to the frame by suitable fastening means, as one end of the elampf, suportin r the corres ondinff lever C' and a 1 clamp CS, engaged with a frame-bar adjacent to the bar provided with said clamp or bolt f.

The levers C are provided with locking members C9, movable in a guide Cm in the plate C3, and are provided with hand-engaging levers C11, connected to said locking members by links or spring-bars C12. Suitable springs C13 are mounted upon the lower ends of the links C12 and operate to normally force the locking members C9 into operative position for engaging the teeth of the racks CT and holding the levers C C in their adjusted position. When the teeth are arranged so as to penetrate to the maximum degree into the soil and to be held in said position by the adjusting-frame, the locking members of the actuating-levers are engaged with the rear shoulders of the stationary racks secured to the draft-frame, and as it is desired to decrease the penetration of said teeth the handlevers C are operated to Withdraw the looking `members C9 and the levers C are shifted forwardly until the looking members C9 are engaged with the front shoulders of said racks. This movement of the levers C' C' and the Withdrawal from the soil of the digging portions of the teeth is readily effected While the harrow is in operation, as the draft of the harrow aids the operator in securing said adjustment. On the contrary, if the operator desires While the harrow is in motion to increase the amount of penetration of the diggingportions of the teeth he is obliged to overcome the upward tendency of the rear ends of the teeth caused by the draft of the harrow, and such an operation is Well nigh impossible. My harrow, however, permits of this adjustment, since as the levers C C are moved forwardly, so that their locking members are forced beyond theshoulders of the racks CT C7, the locking members of the adjusting-arms normally in engagement with the tooth-supports are automatically forced from operative position, and the harrow then rides upon the front bow portions of the teeth, which by the draft of the harrow are automatically rolled or revolved beneath the draftframe, and the teeth when completely revolved are then in their position assumed when penetrating to the utmost extent Within the .soil and are by the draft of the harrow automatically drawn into the soil. After the locking shoulders CZ of the tooth-supports have passed beyond the shoulders of the locking members normally engaged with said tooth-support shoulders and as the teeth are automatically revolving beneath the frame, the operator retracts the actuating-levers O C' and the locking shoulders d of said toothsupports automatically move upward and engage with the looking shoulders of the locking members H. The operator is then free to again move the levers C' C forwardly and decrease the amount of penetration of the digging portions of the barrow-teeth B. It is thus evident that my peculiar construction of harrow permits of a maximum degree of adjustment of the barrow-teeth with a minimum degree of labor.

The operation of my invention Will bereadily perceived from the foregoing description and upon reference to the drawings, and it will be particularly noted that the teeth are independently adjustable in their respective supports, and that these supports are simultaneously adjusted for varying the position of the teeth or discharging rubbish from the frame, and are permitted to automatically revolve independently of the adjusting means, and that the harrow is simple in construction, readily assembled, and is durable and effective in use.

The described constructions of draft-frame, barrow-teeth, and the supports for said teeth are particularly applicable for use with the described construction of adjusting lneans for adjusting said teeth and permitting the same to revolve independently of said adjusting means; but it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the frame-bars may be rigidly secured together wit-hout the interposition of tooth-supports between said bars and that the teeth may be supported by other forms of tooth-supports permitting of the desired movement of said teeth, and consequently I do not herein limit my invention to the described construction and arrangement of said parts. It will also be evident that the particular construction of the adjusting means described herein may be considerably varied l Without departing from the spirit of my invention-as, for instance, the tooth-supports may be provided with independent adjusting means detachably connected thereto, or only a part of the tooth -supports carried by a single section may be connected together and simultaneously adjusted; but, providing said adjusting means is so constructed as to adj ust the tooth-support and to permit Jthe toothsupport to revolve independently thereof, the same is no departure from mypresent invention, and consequently I do not herein limit myself to the exact construction and arrangement of the adjusting means for the teeth.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent., is-

1. A harrow comprising a frame having openings therein, teeth automatically revoluble in said openings whilethe harrow is in motion, and means detachably connected to said teeth for holding the same in operative position, and for releasing the same and permitting their automatic revoluble movement in said openings independently of said means, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. A harrow comprising a frame, a toothsupport mounted on the frame and automatically revoluble while the harrow is in motion, and adjusting means detachably connected to said support, :for adjusting the position thereof, for holding the support in operative position, and for releasing the same and permitting its automatic revoluble movement independently of said means, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

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the adjusting means and having a shoulder for engaging the frame as the adjusting means is operated and automatically disconnecting said locking member from the tooth-support,

whereby the tooth-support is adjusted by said means and is permitted to automatically revolve independently of said means While the harroW is in motion, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. A harroW comprising a frame, teeth supported by the frame and automatically revoluble While the harrow is in motion, and an adjusting-frame arranged above the former frame, and detachably connected to said teeth for adjusting the position thereof, for holding the teeth in operative position, and for releasing the same and permitting their automatic revoluble movement independently of said adjusting-frame, substantially as and for the purpose specilied.

5. A harroW comprising a fram e, tooth-su pports pivoted to the frame and automatically revoluble While the harrow is in motion, and an adjusting-frame arranged above the formerframe and provided with depending arms pivoted to the frame and movable independently of the tooth-supports, said arms being detachably connected to the tooth-supports for adjusting the position of the tooth-supports, for holding said supports in operative position, and for releasing the same and permitting their automatic revoluble movement independently of the adjustingframe, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

, 6. In a harroW, the combination of a draftframe having openings therein, teeth movable in said openings and tooth-supports for the teeth; With adjusting means comprising an adj Listing-frame above the former frame,locl ing members for detachably connecting the adj usting-frame to the tooth-supports, Whereby the tooth-supports are adjusted or are permitted to automatically revolve indepen dently of the locking members, said locking members being provided with shoulders for` engaging the draft-frame and preventing derangement of the locking members during the independent movement of the tooth-supports, and a lever connected to said adj listing-frame for operating the same, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. A barrow comprising a frame, teeth supported by the frame and automatically revoluble While the harrow is in motion, movable locking members normally connected to the teeth for adjusting the teeth and holding 'the same in their operative position, and means for disconnecting the locking members from the teeth andpermitting automatic revoluble movement of the teeth independently' of the locking members, substantially as and forthe purpose specified.

above said'face, a clip-plate beneath said face having an upwardly-extending arm provided in a shoulderengaged with the cut-out, a tooth passed between the face and clip-plate, and a clamp for securing the foregoing parts together, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. -In a harrow, the combination of a movable tooth-support, an adj listing-arm having a guideway therein, a locking member movable in the guideway for engaging the toothsupport, and a spring for forcing said locking member to operative position, substantially as and for the purpose described.

l0. In aharro\v,the combination of a frame, a movable tooth-support, an adj listing-arm having a guideWay therein, a locking member movable in the guideway for engaging the tooth-support and provided with a shoulder for engaging the frame and forcing said locking member from operative position, and a spring for forcing said locking member to operative position, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

ll. In a harroiv, the combination with a movable adjusting-frame, a lever for operating said frame, and a connecting-plate C3v hinged to the frame and formed with substantially parallel shoulders for engaging the lever, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. In a harrow, the combination with a movable adj usting-frame, a lever for operating said frame, a connecting-plate C3 hinged to the frame and formed with substantially parallel shoulders for engaging the lever, and a clip-plate C5 secured to said frame and formed with a shoulder C6 for engaging the connecting-plate, substantially as'and for the purpose described.

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In testimony whereof I have 4hereunto signed my name, in the presence of two attest# ing witnesses, at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, this l2t day of September, 1893.

I'IIRAM M. BURDICK.

`YVitnesses:

H. WIARD, `FRANCIS HALL.

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